In January 2009, Satoshi Nakamato introduced the world to an untraceable form of cryptocurrency, Bitcoin. There was copyright infringement of everything right from Bollywood blockbusters to Microsoft office. Wired magazine in 2005 estimated that about half a million movies were distributed on the Darknet everyday. Originally made for government use, protection of identities of American agents working in suppressive countries like China, but later on, came to be used by the common people.
#DEEP WEB TOR DARK WEB RATIO SOFTWARE#
Naval Research Laboratory released TOR, a software which concealed the location and IP addresses of its users. In 2000, Freenet was developed by Ian Clarke, a software that offered anonymous access to the darkest recesses of the web.
#DEEP WEB TOR DARK WEB RATIO PASSWORD#
Then peer-to-peer data transmission came, which resulted in decentralized data hubs which could store illegal files and were password protected. In the 1980s, the standardization of internet created the problem of storage of illegal data, a solution came up in the form of “data havens”. Within a few years, other secretive networks appear alongside ARPANET. In 1969, the first message was transmitted between computers connected by ARPANET, which was developed by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. It is officially sponsored by United States Department of State Bureau Of Democracy, Human Rights, And Labor, The Ford Foundation and The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency. TOR was created by a non-profit group and later on took over by the Government. it protects a user’s identity and masking IP addresses, which in turn makes the location unknowable. The basic idea about this is the maintenance of anonymity i.e. Facebook has a version of its site on the dark web so that it can be accessed from countries like China and Iran where it is restricted. There are email servers like SIGAINT, ProtonMail which allow users to send and receive mail without their location or identity being revealed. Simply surfing on the Dark web is not illegal, unless illegal content is accessed. Deep Web is a collection of websites which cannot be opened on the browsers due to encryption on the internet but it also includes mundane data regarding the document. It is often confused and used interchangeably with the Deep Web which is much bigger.
Sites on the Dark Web can be accessed by anyone but it is problematic to find who is behind a site. The visitor to a Dark website has to use the same encryption tool as the site he wants to access and also know where to find the site, so as to type the URL and visit. The TOR browser protects the identity of the user by routing traffic through various IP locations and relay computers. TOR through encryption keeps the identities and IP addresses of the people accessing the Dark web untraceable. In TOR the data is encrypted in layers analogous to the layers of an onion. The Dark Web also called Darknet consists of small networks like friend-to-friend, peer-to-peer, and also large ones like TOR, I2P which are operated by public organizations. What is the Dark Web?Įssentially the dark web is a collection of websites, which are encrypted and which cannot be accessed through ordinary software and conventional search engines like Google, Bing, they require specific browsers for access like The Onion Network or more commonly TOR. It has manifold uses, for example communication, shopping, banking. Internet consumes so much of our time, yet a large number of people don’t know about the existence of deep web and dark web, which came into the limelight after the Silk Road incident (discussed later). In 2016 the number of individuals having access to the internet is 3.4 billion with 46.1 percent penetration. The number of people using the internet have increased from 0.4 billion in 2000 with 6.8 percent penetration (percentage of world population), to 1 billion in 2005 with 15.8 percent penetration, then to 2 billion in 2010 with 29.2 percent penetration and then to 3.1 billion in 2015 with 43.4 percent penetration. Data suggests that the number of people having access to the internet has been constantly increasing over the years. Like every invention of science, it also has its advantages and disadvantages. It brings us closer to the world and informs about the happenings at the other side of the globe. The Internet is one of the most important inventions of the century. “The internet is the first thing that man built that humanity doesn’t understand, the largest experiment in anarchy that we have ever had.” In this article, Varsha Jhavar, pursuing Diploma in Entrepreneurship Administration and Business Laws from NUJS, Kolkata discusses the legality of accessing the dark web in India
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